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Parry-Romberg syndrome, also known as progressive hemifacial atrophy, is a rare condition that leads to gradual atrophy of one side of the face. This article explores the disease based on a real case, preserving the original details while providing a clear, factual overview.
In the case of a child named Peter, the condition became noticeable around age 7, with the right cheek appearing severely sunken. By age 3 or 4, subtle asymmetry was visible in photographs, though none was evident at birth. Lunlun's parents noted that the right side of the face grew thinner compared to the left, becoming more pronounced during elementary school. No prior illnesses, injuries, or birth defects were reported.
Parry-Romberg syndrome is a rare disease, likely linked to autoimmunity where the body's antibodies target tissues on one side of the face, including skin, fat, muscles, nerves, and bones. It typically affects areas around the nose, mouth, chin, and eyebrows on one side. Onset usually occurs between ages 5 and 15, averaging around 9 years. The condition often stabilizes by age 20.
Diagnosis relies on symptoms and family recollections, as no reliable antibody tests exist. If complications like migraines or seizures arise, brain MRI or cerebrospinal fluid tests may be needed.
Beyond tissue loss, patients may experience trigeminal neuralgia or migraines. Eye-related effects include atrophy of fat around the eyes, leading to a sunken appearance.
Since the disease is self-limiting and typically stops progressing in adulthood, treatment focuses on conservative approaches. Immunosuppressive drugs might be considered under specialist care, though their effectiveness lacks strong evidence from large studies.
For cosmetic restoration, fat injections can help symmetrize the cheeks. In cases involving bone atrophy, surgical options like skeletal procedures may be necessary after adulthood.
Regular medical follow-ups ensure timely interventions. While Parry-Romberg syndrome is uncommon, early recognition and appropriate care can alleviate concerns for affected families.