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Multiple skull sutures
The head shape caused by the premature closure of multiple cranial sutures is difficult to define, as it can involve two or more sutures. However, some cases of premature cranial suture closure are challenging to diagnose with scientific precision.
Generally, it can be divided into two categories.
A major category involves premature closure of multiple cranial sutures accompanied by other physical issues, such as problems with the brain or other organs. These are often linked to specific genes and may be hereditary conditions. Common examples include early fusion of the coronal sutures on both sides, leading to underdevelopment of the midface. This results in a very flat face, relatively protruding eyes, and a narrower airway. In severe cases, patients may need a tracheostomy to maintain breathing in early childhood.
Treatment for these patients typically involves multiple steps:
Prominent syndromes in this category include:
If multiple cranial sutures are prematurely closed and accompanied by other symptoms, recommended treatment steps should be followed.
The other type involves only multiple skull sutures with premature closure, without additional comorbidities.
These patients often have a more straightforward condition related to isolated craniosynostosis.
Some genes associated with premature skull suture closure are classified as "rare diseases" under government regulations. Currently, three types—Crouzon, Apert, and Pfeiffer—are recognized. However, Saethre-Chotzen and Muenke syndromes may also qualify for rare disease status through medical diagnosis. Rare diseases can relate to applications for disability benefits after age three, potentially reducing health insurance burdens. For more information, consult relevant health resources.